Beneficiation technology and development of low-grade manganese ore
Manganese carbonate ore is the main type of manganese ore in domestic, accounting for 73% of the total reserves. The grade of this kind of ore is very low. Generally, the Mn grade is below 20%, which belongs to marine sedimentary and sedimentary metamorphic manganese deposits. The reserve is 393.636 million tons, mainly distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, Hunan, Hubei, Guangxi and other provinces (regions). Among them, the reserve of high phosphorus manganese ore is 238.581 million tons, accounting for 60.61%. The enrichment and dephosphorization of manganese carbonate ore have been paid attention to for a long time.
A relatively complete industrial system has been formed for manganese ore processing and smelting in domestic. At present, the main methods for enrichment of manganese ore include gravity separation, magnetic separation, flotation and fire enrichment, or the combination of several methods. Manganese carbonate ore is mainly flotation, sometimes combined with gravity separation and strong magnetic separation.
The grade of raw ore manganese is 17.61%, and manganese is mainly contained in manganese carbonate, accounting for 74.96%, followed by pyrolusite and water (brown) manganese ore. The rhodochrosite is in other granular shape with fine particle size, generally -0.03mm. It is micro argillaceous rhodochrosite and mainly forms a strip of rhodochrosite. The strips show different shades of brown and red, have certain directivity and are nearly parallel. It is closely associated with quartz, muscovite, chlorite, sericite and other minerals. Through flotation, the grade of manganese concentrate is increased from 17.61% to 23.35%, and manganese minerals are effectively enriched.
Due to the influence of impurity phosphorus, the low phosphorus manganese carbonate ore is beneficiated and enriched, and the manganese oxide concentrate is obtained by neutral roasting. The impurities meet the smelting requirements, and are suitable for use in the iron and steel industry; High phosphorus manganese carbonate ore is enriched through beneficiation, and the manganese concentrate obtained is more suitable for use as the raw material of manganese sulfate or electrolytic manganese. Sometimes it is directly used without enrichment.
The research on the separation of phosphorus in manganese carbonate ore has been concerned by people all the time. Although the combined physical beneficiation method or chemical method can be used for deep phosphorus removal, the high cost, long flow, long manganese ore and large manganese loss are its limitations, and no substantive breakthrough has been made. In recent years, the biological leaching method has been greatly developed in the field of heavy metal sulfide ores, and the research on phosphorus reduction in small manganese carbonate ores has just started. It is expected to make a breakthrough if the experimental research continues to be strengthened.
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