Working principle of cone sand making machine

The cone sand making machine, also known as a vertical shaft impact crusher (VSI), is a type of crushing equipment used for making sand and aggregate materials from various raw materials like rocks, ores, and minerals. The working principle of a cone sand making machine is based on the following steps:

Feed material: The raw material is introduced into the crushing chamber through a feed hopper, which typically has a vibrating feeder to ensure even distribution of the material.

Crushing: The material passes through the center of the vertical shaft, which rotates at high speed (typically 700-1000 rpm). The spinning shaft impacts the material with its anvils, which are fixed at the top and bottom of the shaft. This impact forces the material against the crushing cavity wall, causing it to fracture and break into smaller particles.

Grinding: As the material breaks, it falls back into the crushing chamber and is further ground against the wear liners on the crushing cavity wall. This grinding action reduces the particle size of the material and helps to achieve a more uniform product size.

Classification: The crushed and ground material passes through a screening system, which separates the desired sand and aggregate particles from the oversized bits. The oversized material is returned to the crushing chamber for further processing, while the screened product is discharged through the outlet.

Delivery: The finished sand and aggregate product is discharged through the outlet and can be conveyed to storage or processing facilities using conveyor belts or other material handling equipment.

The key components of a cone sand making machine include:

The vertical shaft: This is the central component of the machine, which rotates at high speed to impact the material with its anvils.

Anvils: These are the fixed components at the top and bottom of the vertical shaft that impact the material, causing it to break and fracture.

Crushing cavity: This is the space within the machine where the crushing and grinding actions take place. The cavity wall is lined with wear-resistant materials to withstand the abrasive action of the material.

Screening system: This consists of a series of screens or cyclones that separate the desired sand and aggregate particles from the oversized bits.

Discharge system: This is the mechanism that removes the finished product from the machine and transports it to the desired location.

By understanding the working principle of a cone sand making machine, you can better appreciate its capabilities and the role it plays in the production of sand and aggregate materials.